PYCC 10014
1 - Taxon name
Saccharomyces chiloensis
2 - Classification
Ascomycota
3 - Strain (species name) changes
Saccharomcyes sp.
4 - Status of the strain
Type strain of Saccharomyces chiloensis
5 - Basis for identification
Molecular (whole genome sequence)
6 - Identified by
T. A. Pena & F. A. Cubillos
7 - Original strain number
CL1206
8 - Accession numbers in other collections
CBS 18620; RGM 3578
9 - Biological Safety Level
BSL-1
10 - Access and Benefit Sharing (CBD, Nagoya protocol)
No known ABS restrictions
11 - PYCC strain status
Open
12 - Mediterranean strain
No
13 - Substrate of isolation
Bark, Nothofagus dombeyi
14 - Category of substrate
Vascular plants, mosses & algae
15 - Locality
Chiloé island
16 - Country of origin
Chile
17 - Latitude, longitude coordinates

-42.6324721703, -74.1263205027

18 - Sample Collected by
T. A. Pena & F. A. Cubillos
19 - Isolated by and date of isolation
T. A. Pena & F. A. Cubillos, 20/02/2022
20 - Isolation details
enrichment media: YNB raffinose 2% ethanol 4%
21 - Deposited by
T. A. Pena & F. A. Cubillos, Apr. 2024
22 - History
T. A. Pena & F. A. Cubillos > PYCC
23 - Preservation
Glass beads; 20% Glycerol -150ºC
24 - Price per culture
85€
25 - Remarks
NA
26 - Medium for growth
YMA
Title
An integrative taxonomy approach reveals Saccharomyces chiloensis sp. nov. as a newly discovered species from Coastal Patagonia

Author

Tomas A. Peña, Pablo Villarreal, Nicolas Agier, Matteo De Chiara, Tomas Barría, Kamila Urbina, Carlos A. Villarroel, Ana R. O. Santos, Carlos A. Rosa, Roberto F. Nespolo, Gianni Liti, Gilles Fischer, Francisco A. Cubillos

Abstract

Species delineation in microorganisms is challenging due to the limited markers available for accurate species assignment. Here, we applied an integrative taxonomy approach, combining extensive sampling, whole-genome sequence-based classification, phenotypic profiling, and assessment of interspecific reproductive isolation. Our work reveals the presence of a distinct Saccharomyces lineage in Nothofagus forests of coastal Patagonia. This lineage, designated Saccharomyces chiloensis sp. nov., exhibits 7% genetic divergence from its sister species S. uvarum, as revealed by whole-genome sequencing and population analyses. The South America-C (SA-C) coastal Patagonia population forms a unique clade closely related to a previously described divergent S. uvarum population from Oceania (AUS, found in Australia and New Zealand). Our species reclassification is supported by a low Ortho Average Nucleotide Identity (OANI) of 93% in SA-C and AUS relative to S. uvarum, which falls below the suggested species delineation threshold of 95%, indicating an independent evolutionary lineage. Hybrid spore viability assessment provided compelling evidence that SA-C and AUS are reproductively isolated from S. uvarum. In addition, we found unique structural variants between S. chiloensis sp. nov. lineages, including large-scale chromosomal translocations and inversions, together with a distinct phenotypic profile, emphasizing their intraspecies genetic distinctiveness. We suggest that S. chiloensis sp. nov diverged from S. uvarum in allopatry due to glaciation, followed by post-glacial dispersal, resulting in distinct lineages on opposite sides of the Pacific Ocean. The discovery of S. chiloensis sp. nov. illustrates the uniqueness of Patagonia’s coastal biodiversity and underscores the importance of adopting an integrative taxonomic approach in species delineation to unveil cryptic microbial species. The holotype of S. chiloensis sp. nov. is CBS 18620T.

Publication Date

Link to Publication

http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011396